This book presents an in-depth exploration of the potential plants that can contribute to human survival. It delves into the medicinal properties of plants and the ongoing research to discover new drugs, molecules, and leads. It also covers ethnic and traditional applications, as well as the nutraceutical values of plants. The book provides a comprehensive baseline of information on plants and their potential impact on human health. It is based on twenty-five research articles and focuses primarily on plant species such as Boswellia serrata, Butea monosperma, Colebrookea oppositifolia, Cymbopogon khasianus, Dendrophthe falcata, Dysoxylum binectariferum, Echinacea purpurea, Grewia asiatica, Picrorrhiza kurroa, Saussurea costus, Withania somnifera, Zanthoxylum armatum, as well as different species of Aconitum and Panax, Ashtavarga groups (Habenaria intermedia, Habenaria edgeworthii, Malaxis acuminata, Malaxis muscifera, Lilium polyphyllum, Polygonatum verticillatum, Polygonatum cirrhifolium, and Roscoea procera), and hundreds of other plants used by ethnic tribes in the Himalayan region for food, shelter, and medicine. The books research studies and clinical trials can help in the development of medicine formulations and products. The introduction section emphasizes specific research avenues for drug development programs. The books collections of views represent a diverse range of scientific perspectives, reflecting the thousands of ideas that enabled thoughtful deliberations from various scientific fields.