Principia, Vol. II: The System of the World

Sir Isaac Newton’s Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy and His System of the World is one of the most influential scientific works in history, laying the mathematical and physical foundations for classical mechanics and the universal laws of motion. This second volume, The System of the World, presents Newton’s extension of his mathematical principles to a comprehensive model of the cosmos, transforming our understanding of planetary motion, gravity, and celestial mechanics. Originally intended for a broader audience, Newton ultimately chose a more rigorous, mathematical approach, ensuring that his conclusions could withstand scrutiny and avoid misinterpretation by those unfamiliar with his foundational principles. In this volume, Newton applies his celebrated Laws of Motion and Universal Gravitation to explain the structure and behavior of the solar system, deriving conclusions that not only validated the heliocentric model but also provided a predictive framework for planetary and cometary orbits. His meticulous use of propositions and mathematical proofs exemplifies his commitment to empirical reasoning and the synthesis of observational astronomy with physics. The System of the World is not merely an extension of Newton’s earlier theoretical work but a definitive application of those principles, demonstrating how celestial bodies move in accordance with natural laws. Essential reading for historians of science, physicists, and philosophers alike, this volume remains a cornerstone of the scientific revolution, showcasing Newton’s unparalleled ability to unite abstract mathematics with the observable universe. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1962.